What is Critical Thinking? Why Artists Need It

T.L. Mazumdar Author

Sep 26, 2024 |

Discover why critical thinking is a must-have skill for artists. Learn how it can boost your creativity, problem-solving abilities, and career success

Introduction

It’s an incredibly globalized and digital world, and the landscape of the arts has transformed significantly.

Social media, NFTs, AI-generated content, and ever-evolving trends have opened new doors for artists while introducing unprecedented challenges and complexities that can get difficult to navigate without a mindset trained and equipped to cope with it all. 

Despite the overwhelming speed of change though, there is an extraordinarily underrated old-school, (almost ancient!)  tool I’d like to talk about today, that stands its ground amidst the madness. 

A timeless, enduring asset that not just remains relevant for us, but does so with increasing significance.

Critical thinking.

Let’s discuss.

My Journey with Critical Thinking

Quick confession before we get to it. My personal journey with critical thinking wasn’t a simple one. For the longest time, the associations I had with the term were not the kind that got me feeling particularly inclined to jump for joy at its mention.

It wasn’t until I started working on my research skills in an academic context during my Master's Degree with my mentor, John Matthias (PRS award-winning musician whose played with the likes of Radiohead and Coldcut) that I realized that

1. How incredibly helpful a tool it is for us musicians. 
2. How misunderstood the 'system' is.

The good news is that you don't necessarily have to be an ‘academic to use this. It's easily accessible.

In fact, you’re probably using it right now, in some capacity, without realizing it.

So let me try and share some thoughts that might help you dial it in a bit more. 

What Is Critical Thinking?

Critical thinking refers to the ability to actively and skillfully analyze, evaluate, and synthesize information in order to make informed and logical decisions. 

Prominent scholars like Dr. Richard Paul describe it as “the art of analyzing and evaluating thinking with a view to improving it.” 

It’s the kind of thought-approach that requires self-reflection and a willingness to hold space for multiple perspectives. Not merely to solve problems but *understand* them in a deeper, more nuanced way.

For artists, critical thinking could mean questioning the assumptions behind our work, evaluating the social and cultural context in which our art exists, and ensuring that creative decisions are both purposeful and reflective of a broader understanding of the world. 

In short, it is a potential bridge between technical skill and thoughtful, impactful expression. The cerebral meeting the intuitive.

Global Roots of Critical Thinking Across Philosophical Traditions

Just a note: though often considered a hallmark of Western philosophy, critical thinking has long been present throughout the world under different names and forms. 

In the East, for example, critical inquiry and reasoned thinking have been integral to various philosophical and spiritual traditions for millennia. 

In South Asia, *Jnana Yoga*—the path of knowledge—was a practice rooted in rigorous intellectual reflection and discernment. This approach encourages practitioners to question assumptions and seek the underlying truth behind appearances. 

Ancient Indian thinkers like Chanakya, known for strategic thinking and political philosopy, employed logic, analysis, and strategic foresight in his work. 

Some other notable names would be Confucius, whose teachings in ancient China promoted ethical reasoning and reflection on moral conduct, and Prince Siddharta/Gautama Buddha (yes, that guy), who encouraged his followers to question authority and rely on personal insight and experience instead. 

In Japan, the Zen tradition has also emphasized direct experience and the deconstruction of preconceived notions through meditative practices to stimulate deep reflection and challenge conventional thinking. 

These examples are ample proof of how critical thinking has been a global phenomenon the whole time.

Critical Thinking vs. Criticism: A Crucial Distinction

A common mistake a lot of us make is mixing up ‘critical thinking’ with ‘criticism’. This can lead to many of us to associate it with sense of negativity, judgment, or tearing down of ideas. 

Let’s clear this up asap.

**Criticism** tends to be reactive and indeed judgmental sometimes.

Even though constructive criticism can be its ‘benevolent twin’, it’ll usually focus on identifying what is ‘wrong’ without necessarily providing a constructive path forward. 

Example, random person criticizes a piece of art, focussing on perceived flaws or shortcomings without exploring the deeper questions of *why* those ‘flaws’ exist in the first place, what they signify, and most importantly, if they even really are 'flaws' in the first place. 

**Critical thinking** on the other hand, is a proactive, thoughtful lens to adopt that encourages deeper engagement with a situation. 

It analyzes all aspects of an idea, artwork, or problem—identifying both strengths and weaknesses—by thinking through the possible reasons behind the observations involved and the implications they bring with them.

Philosopher Matthew Lipman explains critical thinking as “thinking that is responsive to and guided by intellectual standards,” such as clarity, accuracy, relevance, and fairness. 

So rather than focusing solely on fault-finding, critical thinking asks *why* something works or doesn't work and seeks ways to improve or refine ideas.

Applying critical thinking In the artistic process could translate to reflecting upon our work with specific questions. 

Some of these could be:

• What am I trying to communicate? 

• Does this approach achieve that? 

• What cultural or historical significance might this piece hold? 

• What is my context?

• How do I frame this in a way so all of the above are justified?

(These are just a few examples).

Point being, this deeper brand of reflection can help us not just improve our technique but also enable us to contribute more meaningfully with a deeper lens.

Why Does Critical Thinking Get a Bad Rap?

Critical thinking when misunderstood, can carry a negative connotation, particularly in creative fields. Even when not mistaken as ‘criticism’, It is seen as stifling to spontaneity, expression, or intuition. Some fear that over-analyzing their work might rob it of its raw energy or emotional authenticity. 

But this view is rooted in an inherent misunderstanding of what critical thinking actually entails.

Far from inhibiting creativity, critical thinking could *enhance* it by allowing artists to make more informed, deliberate choices rather than relying on impulse alone. 

In fact, research published in the *Journal of Creative Behavior* shows that creative thinking and critical thinking actually complement one another—creative solutions often stem from critically analyzing existing ideas and discovering gaps or new perspectives. And with this approach, critical thinking can help artists move beyond clichés and superficiality, enabling us to create work that is innovative, thoughtful, and culturally relevant.

Slowing Down!

This is my favorite part about critical thinking.

It forces me to to slow down! 

It demands that we artists step back, reflect on our influences, and resist the pressure to follow fleeting trends. This pause can be uncomfortable for a fast-paced society, but a secret ‘superpower’ for producing meaningful and lasting work. Especially in a world of rapid information, consumption and instantaneous feedback.

Why Critical Thinking is Vital for Artists Today

1. **Navigating the Information Overload**

As artists, we are constantly bombarded with way more content than is healthy for our art.

Trends, music-business advice, tutorials, feedback from social media…..

Without us thinking critically, this will inevitably lead to shallow or imitative work down the line, as we unconsciously replicate what’s popular instead of developing a distinctive voice. 

Critical thinking allows us grow, nurture, and maintain that voice. And sift through this deluge of information, discerning what aligns with our values and what doesn’t. 

Prominent cognitive development scholar, Howard Gardner, points out in his ‘Five Minds for the Future’, that critical thinking helps individuals develop what he refers to as a “disciplinary mind,” allowing us to filter out the noise and focus on what truly matters for our craft.

2. **Fostering Authentic Innovation**

Here’s an essential tenet artists tend to forget: Innovation requires more than just ‘creativity’—it demands that we question the status quo and push boundaries. And do so in thoughtful ways. 

Critical thinking is key to this process. Rather than relying solely on inspiration, by applying critical thinking, we  can methodically explore new ideas, reflect on the impact of our art, and break away from generic approaches. 

3. **Engaging with Social and Cultural Contexts**

Art is both timeless and deeply embedded in the social and cultural fabric of the practitioner’s time. 

To create work that is socially relevant and ethically sound, we benefit greatly with a sense of awareness of the historical, cultural, and political context of our era. Engaging with issues like race, gender, climate change, and technology requires not just artistic skill but also critical thought. 

Even if we choose to not necessarily address these topics publicly, or remain vehemently neutral, it helps to have a solid framework to use to arrive that decision. 

In a study published in the *Journal of Visual Culture*, researchers emphasize that critical thinking is essential for artists who want to produce work that engages with pressing social issues. Now even if we don't want our art to be a socio-cultural representative, without this mindset, we risk producing work that is somewhat tone-deaf or disconnected from real-world events.

4. **Solving Complex Problems in Art**

From technical challenges (like mastering new mediums) to conceptual dilemmas (such as how to effectively communicate a theme), artists frequently face problems that require thoughtful solutions. Critical thinking equips us with the tools to break down complex issues, explore multiple options, and arrive at creative, effective solutions that we are comfortable with.

Actionable Steps to Cultivate Critical Thinking as an Artist

1. **Develop a Reflection ‘Habit’**

Critical thinking begins with self-reflection. Take time to reflect on your artistic process. 

Ask yourself questions like:

- What were my goals for this piece?

- Did I achieve them? 

- If not, why?

- What choices did I make? 

- How did they influence the outcome?

Keeping a journal or portfolio notes can help you track your thought process over time, enabling deeper insight into your creative decisions.

2. **Engage with Diverse Perspectives**

Broaden your horizons by seeking out ideas, perspectives, and artistic traditions different from your own. This could involve:

• Collaborating with artists from other cultures with a genuine intent to understand theirs

• Studying art history 

• Immersing yourself another art forms (e.g., music, theater, or film). 

• Engaging with a wide array of influences challenges your assumptions and facilitates more nuanced work.

3. **Embrace Constructive Criticism**

Rather than fearing feedback, seek it out, (albeit from the right people).

• Join groups with common goals. 

• Attend workshops.

• Engage with communities where feedback is shared resepctfully. 

• Approach critique with an open mind and use them as opportunities for growth. 

• Ask questions! 

• Promote critical dialogue.

4. **Seek Mentorship and Coaching**

Mentorship is an invaluable tool for developing critical thinking. The right mentor or coach will challenge you to think more deeply about your work, asking probing questions and offer new perspectives. 

According to research in the *Journal of the Learning Sciences*, mentorship plays a crucial role in developing higher-order thinking skills. When you seek guidance from an artist who has more experience than you do in specific fields, you are automatically refining and upgrading your brain by engaging with them critically about your own practice.

Conclusion

In today’s art world, where opportunities and challenges abound, critical thinking is more important than ever. It enables artists to navigate a complex, rapidly changing environment with clarity and purpose. By distinguishing it from simple criticism and understanding its value, artists can harness the power of critical thinking to produce work that is not only innovative and authentic but also deeply engaged with the world around them. Through reflection, openness to feedback, and mentorship, artists can cultivate this essential skill and, in turn, elevate their creative practice to new heights.

References

1. Paul, Richard, and Linda Elder. *Critical Thinking: Tools for Taking Charge of Your Professional and Personal Life*. Pearson Education, 2002.

2. Lipman, Matthew. *Thinking in Education*. Cambridge University Press, 2003.

3. Runco, Mark A. "Critical Thinking and Creative Thinking." *Journal of Creative Behavior*, vol. 47, no. 4, 2013, pp. 270–275.

4. Gardner, Howard. *Five Minds for the Future*. Harvard Business Press, 2007.

5. de Bono, Edward. *Lateral Thinking: Creativity Step by Step*. Harper & Row, 1970.

6. Mirzoeff, Nicholas. "The Right to Look: A Counterhistory of Visuality." *Journal of Visual Culture*, vol. 10, no. 3, 2011, pp. 285–301.

7. Lave, Jean, and Etienne Wenger. "Situated Learning: Legitimate Peripheral Participation." *Journal of the Learning Sciences*, vol. 1, no. 1, 1991, pp. 95–108.

8. *Jnana Yoga* - "Jnana Yoga: The Path of Knowledge" [Yoga Journal](https://www.yogajournal.com/practice/jnana-yoga-the-path-of-knowledge).

9. Chanakya's *Arthashastra* and Critical Thinking - "The Arthashastra and its Role in Indian Political Thought" [Ancient History Encyclopedia](https://www.worldhistory.org/Arthashastra/).

10. Confucius and Ethical Reasoning - "Confucius: The Analects" [Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy](https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/confucius/).

11. The Buddha and Independent Thought - "Critical Thinking in Buddhism" [Buddhist Studies Review](https://www.buddhistdoor.net/).

12. Zen Koans and Deconstructing Thought - "Zen and Koans: The Riddles of Insight" [Encyclopedia Britannica](https://www.britannica.com/top...).

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Categories: : mental health, music business, music education